Step 1: Prepare the Filling

1. Sauté onions and garlic until fragrant.
2. Add ground beef and cook until browned.
3. Season with cumin, paprika, salt, and pepper.
4. Stir in chopped olives and raisins (if using).
5. Remove from heat and mix in shredded cheese.

Step 2: Make the Dough

1. Combine flour and salt in a bowl.
2. Cut in cold butter until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs.
3. Gradually add cold water and mix until a smooth dough forms.
4. Chill the dough for 30 minutes.

Step 3: Assemble the Empanadas

1. Roll out the dough and cut into 4-inch circles.
2. Spoon the beef and cheese mixture onto each dough round.
3. Fold into a half-moon shape and crimp edges with a fork.

Step 4: Baking or Frying

Baking Method:

1. Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C).
2. Brush empanadas with beaten egg for a golden finish.
3. Bake for 20-25 minutes until crispy and golden brown.

Frying Method:

1. Heat oil to 350°F (175°C).
2. Fry empanadas for 3-4 minutes per side, until crispy and golden.
3. Drain on paper towels.