Prepare Ingredients: Dice the carrots, onion, and celery. Rinse the red lentils under cold water to remove debris and starch.
Sauté Vegetables: Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add carrots, onion, and celery. Cook for 5–7 minutes until softened.
Add Garlic and Spices: Stir in minced garlic, smoked paprika, cumin, and cayenne. Sauté for 1–2 minutes until fragrant.
Deglaze with Vinegar: Pour in balsamic vinegar, stirring to lift any bits from the pot.
Combine Lentils and Stock: Add red lentils and vegetable stock. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat to low. Cover and simmer for 20–25 minutes until lentils are tender.
Season and Brighten: Add sea salt, black pepper, and lemon juice. Adjust seasoning to taste.
Serve: Ladle stew into bowls and garnish with fresh herbs. Enjoy with crusty bread or rice.